Simplicity
From CasGroup
(→Simple rules and complex behavior) |
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* Order emerges from chaos | * Order emerges from chaos | ||
* Simple equations produce strange attractors | * Simple equations produce strange attractors | ||
| - | * Simple rules generate complex | + | * Simple rules generate [[Complex System|complex systems]] |
Why do they love it? Because it is rare. And because | Why do they love it? Because it is rare. And because | ||
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scientist is looking for. Unfortunately useful rules | scientist is looking for. Unfortunately useful rules | ||
of this kind are very rare. | of this kind are very rare. | ||
| - | |||
Simple programs can generate all sorts of complex behavior. | Simple programs can generate all sorts of complex behavior. | ||
Well, yes, they can, but only against heavy odds. Most programs | Well, yes, they can, but only against heavy odds. Most programs | ||
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can generate all sorts of complex behavior is the | can generate all sorts of complex behavior is the | ||
insight that they are the exception. | insight that they are the exception. | ||
| - | |||
For one equation that produces a complex strange | For one equation that produces a complex strange | ||
attractor there are a thousand equations which produce | attractor there are a thousand equations which produce | ||
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show simple, boring behavior. There is only one "Game | show simple, boring behavior. There is only one "Game | ||
of Life". | of Life". | ||
| - | |||
For one right program that works there are a thousand | For one right program that works there are a thousand | ||
programs that don't work. There are a thousand ways | programs that don't work. There are a thousand ways | ||
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the right track (i.e. with debugging or eliminating bugs). | the right track (i.e. with debugging or eliminating bugs). | ||
| + | In [[Multi-Agent System|MAS]]s and [[Complex Adaptive System|CAS]]s, | ||
| + | complex systems can arise from interactions between agents. | ||
| + | Complex social outcomes '''can''' result from potentially simple | ||
| + | rules of behavior practiced by individuals. | ||
| + | Yes, they can, and it is fascinating if they do, but again only | ||
| + | against heavy odds. | ||
| + | The [[Boids Model|Boids]] from Craig Reynolds, | ||
| + | Schelling's [[Segregation Model]], | ||
| + | Christopher Langton's Ant, Brian Arthur's [[El Farol Bar Model|El Farol Bar model]], | ||
| + | and Conway's Game of Life, etc. are very nice examples of [[Emergence|emergence]], and their | ||
| + | creators have become famous for them, but there are only a | ||
| + | few models which have this power. | ||
| + | Complex systems usually do not arise from interactions | ||
| + | between agents. Put some autonomous agents together, choose | ||
| + | some rules, and you will probably get conflicts, fights and wars | ||
| + | for free. Maybe simple spatial patterns like stripes, heaps, grids | ||
| + | or simple networks, too. Everything else requires a very long | ||
| + | process of evolution or a sophisticated, deliberate design. | ||
[[Category:Basic Principles]] | [[Category:Basic Principles]] | ||
